The trade turnover index presented a year-on-year rate of change of -0.1% in December, up by 1.6 percentage points from November.

In the 4th quarter of 2023, the year-on-year change rate was -1.1% (same rate in the previous quarter).

For the year 2023, the trade turnover index decreased by 0.8% (in 2022, the same index increased by 4.7%).

The year-on-year change rates of indices of employment, wages and salaries and hours worked adjusted for calendar effects stood at 2.2%, 7.0% and -0.1% (2.3%, 9.4% and 0.5% in the previous month). For the year 2023, indices of employment, wages and salaries and hours worked (gross data) registered annual rates of 2.7%, 10.2% and 1,3%, respectively (4.3%, 9.6% e 4.4% in 2022).