In 2024, 84,642 children were born to mothers residing in Portugal, 1.2% (1,057 live births) less than in 2023. One third of the children were born to foreign-born mothers (mothers who were not born in Portugal).

The number of deaths of residents in the national territory was 118,374, 0.1% (79 deaths) more than in 2023. Of these, 252 deaths were of children under 1 year of age (42 more than in 2023), which resulted in an increase in the infant mortality rate to 3.0 deaths per thousand live births (2.5‰ in 2023).

The worsening of the natural balance, in 2024, to -33,732 (-32,596 in 2023) was therefore mainly determined by the decrease in the number of live births. The Grande Lisboa was the only NUTS 2 region where, for the second consecutive year, a positive natural balance was registered (+929).

In 2024, 36,633 marriages were celebrated in Portugal, 347 (0.9%) less than in 2023, of which 35,589 were opposite-sex marriages and 1,044 same-sex marriages.