The Industry Turnover Index registered a nominal change rate of -7.9% in December (-4.9% in the previous month). Excluding the Energy grouping, industrial turnover fell by 7.5% (-5.2% in November). Domestic and non-domestic market rates of change were -3.1% and -14.9%, respectively (-0.2% and -11.0% in the previous month). In the 4th quarter 2023, industry turnover decreased 5.3% (-8.1% in the previous quarter).

The average change rate was -3.1% in 2023, which compares to a growth rate of 21.7% in 2022.

Employment and wages rose by 0.4% and 5.1%, respectively (0.4% and 7.2% in the previous month), while number of hours worked (adjusted for calendar effects) change rate shifted from 0.7% in November to -2.2% in December. Employment, wages and hours worked (adjusted for calendar effects) recorded average growths of 0.8%, 7.4% and 0.7% in 2023 (2.5%, 6.7% and 2.5% in the previous year), respectively.