On December 31st, 2025, the resident population of Portugal was estimated at 11,424,031 people, an increase of 36,809 people from 2024 (0.32%).
Between 2021 and 2025, the resident population increased by 824,914 people, with particular emphasis on 2022, 2023 and 2024, when exceptionally high migration flows were observed, and leading to population increases of 330,587, 274,643, and 182,875 people, respectively.
Demographic ageing in Portugal continued to increase, although it has been somewhat mitigated by a relative increase in the working-age population. In 2025, the ageing ratio reached 188.8 elderly people per 100 young people (178.3 in 2021). The median age of the resident population in Portugal was 45.8 years (46.1 in 2021).
On December 31st, 2025, the resident population of foreign citizenship was estimated at 1,597,539 people, representing 14.0% of the total resident population. Between 2021 and 2025, the number of foreign residents more than doubled, increasing by 849,384 people (an increase of 6.9 percentage points). The most significant increases occurred in 2022, 2023, and 2024.
