In May 2025, exports and imports of goods recorded nominal year-on-year changes of +2.5% and +12.1%, respectively (-6.0% and +2.0%, in the same order, in April 2025). When TTE transactions are excluded, i.e., with a view to or following processing (without transfer of ownership), the growth was less pronounced, especially in imports: +1.5% in exports and +3.5% in imports (-7.7% and -3.5% in April).

The trade balance of goods recorded a deficit of EUR 3,217 million in May 2025, reflecting a year-on-year deterioration of EUR 935 million. 

In May 2025, the unit value indices (prices) continued to show negative variations, with sharper declines, in both flows, than in the previous month, -2.2% in exports and -3.5% in imports (-1.6% in both flows in April 2025; -0.2% in exports and -2.1% in imports in May 2024).